15th World Congress on Cancer Therapy, Biomarkers & Clinical Research December 05-07, 2016 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

Nalinee Sripaung has completed her PhD from Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan. She is the Assistant Director of Bureau of Occupational and Environmental Diseases, Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Thailand. She has experience working with the Thai National Chemicals Management Strategy for prevention and control of occupational and environmental diseases. She has published more than 30 papers in chemicals dissemination and reputed journals and has been serving as an Editorial Board Member of reputed journal in Thailand.

According to the type of metabolites in blood and urine acting as the biomarker, the concentration of biomarker acts as the indicator for health risk assessment. The health risk management, concerning with chemical toxicity, faces the problem of how to use the concentration of biomarker to be the suitable indicator for health risk assessment. Presently, there is no safety value adjustment of health risk assessment for people’s health in community. Therefore, the field of prevention and control of occupational and environmental diseases has to use the safety value of biomarker concentration for worker’s health to be the safety value for people’s health indicator in community for health risk assessment resulted from chemical pollution. The study of using the safety value of worker’s health to identify people’s health in community in case of health surveillance of chemical incidents was proceeded during the year 2015-2016. It was found that biomarkers concentrations of VOCs (Volatile Organic Solvents) of worker’s health were higher than the actual baseline chemicals exposure of People’s health in community. The result from the adjustment of the risk group of people in community by worker’s health safety value indicated the lower amount of people than the actual amount risk group. Thus, the baseline concentration of biomarker should be further studied to be the health surveillance value for people’s health risk assessment caused by chemicals toxicity.

Anastasia O. Sosnovtseva is a PhD-student at the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University. Her research interests focus on oncolytic virotherapy.

Oncolytic virotherapy is a new promising approach to treatment of various oncological diseases. At present Sendai Virus (SeV) is being actively investigated as a promising oncolytic drug. A number of studies have shown that recombinant and UV inactivated SeV is capable of effective elimination of tumor cells while sparing normal cells. SeV eradicates tumor cells mostly via induction of apoptosis, autophagy and necroptosis and, also, by induction of antitumor immunity. \r\nIn this study we have demonstrated that primary lines derived from adenocarcinoma of prostate exhibit a differential sensitivity to SeV. It’s necessary to uncover genetic markers of interaction between malignant cells and viruses to enable a personalized approach to treatment and increase effectiveness of virotherapy. Quantitative PCR was used to estimate levels of expression of genes encoding RIG-1 like and Toll like receptors (TLR). It was demonstrated that levels of expression of TLR3 and TLR7 correlated with the degree of sensitivity of tumor cells from prostate gland to Sendai virus in a statistically significant way. Cell lines with the least expression of TLR3 and TLR7 exhibit the highest degree of sensitivity to that virus. A more detailed investigation of the mechanism of action of that viral strain will allow to uncover additional markers that would enable prediction of sensitivity of tumors from a particular patient to SeV and effectiveness of the oncolytic drug in the therapeutic regimen used with an utmost accuracy.\r\nAcknowledgements: our research was supported by Russian Ministry of Education grant RFMEFI60714X0067.\r\n\r\n

Ghanbar Mahmoodi Chalbatani is Researcher at Iran Cancer Institute and MSc student at Nor and Danesh Institute from Esfahan Medical Science University. He has done a new research about use of CircRNA in colorectal cancer as biomarker. He is very interested in this field of research, particularly in the connection between circRNA and cancer signaling.

Circular RNA (circRNAs) is a class of endogenous RNA that was rediscovered in early years. Circular RNAs are produced in eukaryotic cells during post-transcriptional processes. Recently, researches have shown that circRNA are more stable than linear RNA. They are popular in mammalian cell and control gene expression by interacting with microRNA (miRNAs) or other molecules. Also, the prominent feature of circRNAs is 5′ and 3′ covalently closed ends. Functional circular RNA has been recognized acting as miRNA sponges and RNA binding Protein (RBP) as well as transcriptional regulator. The multi-functional roles provide the best potential for biological usage. Nowadays, researches have shown that circRNA play significant roles in various diseases, especially in cancer, where they act through regulating protein expression fundamental gene that are acute for carcinogenesis. The presence of enormous circRNA in exomes, salvia and clinical blood sample will make great potential in diagnostic or screening biomarker for disease. Here, in this mini review, record for impact of circRNAs in cancer and their potential emphasis in cancer prognosis and clinical treatment are provided.

Andrey O. Zheltukhin is a junior researcher at the Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences. His research interests focus on oncolytic virotherapy.

Oncolytic viruses specifically infect and kill tumor cells without harming healthy cells. Currently, many viruses are being studied extensively for their oncolytic and immunotherapeutic properties in clinical and preclinical trials. Sendai virus (SeV) is a murine respiratory virus of considerable interest as it is considered nonpathogenic in humans. Preliminary data indicated that transmembrane serine proteases II that are active in cells from many tumor types participate in the replication Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Vavilova 32, 119991 Moscow, Russiarncycle of the virus. Therefore, it seemed plausible to assume that differential expression of proteases in various cell types might serve as a basis for varying degrees of susceptibility to infection by Sendai virus. Our research showed that it was indeed the case. We studied the ability of 15 tumor cell lines to support replication and production of infection competent virions. We uncovered a correlation between the susceptibility of cell lines and expression of a number of genes that regulate protease signaling pathways. The susceptibility of cell lines positively correlated with the expression of 4 genes encoding TMPRSS2 and also M CPM, L2 CTSL2, 4 DPP4. Of all these genes TMPRSS2 had the most significant impact on susceptibility to infection by Sendai virus compared to the other genes. In conclusion we demonstrated that expression of transmembrane serine proteases by cells derived from various tumors allows Sendai virus to selectively infect human tumor cells. That property makes Sendai virus well suited for virotherapy since it doesn’t infect normal human cells.rnAcknowledgments: our research was supported by Russian Ministry of Education grant RFMEFI57714X0033rn